{"id":4055,"date":"2025-06-23T12:52:21","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T10:52:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.drvickykatsemi.com\/?page_id=4055"},"modified":"2025-09-25T09:33:13","modified_gmt":"2025-09-25T07:33:13","slug":"erstellung-einer-risikoabschaetzung-fuer-legionellen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.drvickykatsemi.com\/en\/services\/erstellung-einer-risikoabschaetzung-fuer-legionellen\/","title":{"rendered":"Preparing a Legionella Risk Assessment"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Preparing a Legionella Risk Assessment <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Dutyholders of drinking water installations that supply water to the public, such as hospitals, retirement and nursing homes, schools, hotels, fitness centers, hair salons, swimming pools, as well as drinking water installations in commercial buildings, such as apartment buildings, are required by the currently applicable Drinking Water Ordinance to regularly test the drinking water they supply for Legionella (<\/span>Legionella<\/span><\/i> spp.), among other things. If the \u201etechnical measure value\u201c of 100 CFU\/100 ml is reached in at least one drinking water sample, the operator must immediately conduct a Legionella risk assessment or have it conducted. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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When must a property operator conduct a Legionella risk assessment or have it conducted?\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>

If, during sampling of drinking water, at least one sample within a drinking water installation reaches the technical measure value for Legionella of 100 CFU\/100 ml (100 colony forming units\/100 ml of water), a Risk Assessment must be conducted immediately. This risk assessment can be prepared by the Dutyholder themselves or by an expert consultant.1<\/span>1<\/span><\/sup><\/p>

An exception to this rule are high-risk areas of medical facilities, where a target value for Legionella of < 2 CFU\/100 ml applies due to the higher risk of infection for these patient groups.2<\/span>2<\/sup><\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>

Where is this described?<\/h2>

\u00a0The information that the Dutyholder of a building supply system must immediately conduct or commission a written Risk Assessment for Legionella, when the technical measure value for Legionella of 100 CFU\/100 ml is reached is contained in Section 51 of the German Drinking Water Ordinance, \"Owner's Obligations to Act with Respect to <\/span>Legionella<\/span><\/i> spec.\u201c<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>

Why does the property operator have to conduct a Risk Assessment?\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>

The Infection Protection Act stipulates: \"Water intended for human consumption must be of such a quality that its consumption or use does not pose a risk to human health, particularly through pathogens.\" (Section 37 (1)).<\/span>3<\/span><\/p>

A drinking water system contaminated with Legionella poses a potential health risk.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

A drinking water system constructed, maintained, and operated according to the Code of Practice has a low risk of being contaminated with waterborne bacteria, such as Legionella, and thus representing a reservoir of infection. The Drinking Water Ordinance stipulates that water may only be supplied to users from a drinking water installation if, at a minimum, the Code of Practice is complied with.<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span><\/p>

The mandatory regular testing of drinking water by accredited testing bodies is a verification measure for the microbiological quality of the water and compliance with, at a minimum the Code of Practice. This means: If the concentration of Legionella in a drinking water system is < 100 CFU\/100 ml with correct sampling, it meets the requirements of the Drinking Water Ordinance regarding the Legionella parameter. Accordingly, the risk of infection with Legionella from this drinking water installation is low.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

If at least one of the samples taken by an accredited testing facility within a drinking water installation reaches the technical measure value of 100 CFU\/100 ml, this indicates that deviations from the Code of Practice exist in the drinking water system, meaning that the use of this drinking water installation may pose an infection risk. This infection risk must be assessed, among other things, by preparing a Risk Assessment and minimized through targeted measures, which must also be listed in the Risk Assessment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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What is the purpose of a Legionella risk assessment? <\/span><\/h2>\n

The purpose of a Legionella Risk Assessment is to identify and document any deviations from the Code of Practice in a drinking water system, thereby identifying the cause(s) of Legionella contamination, evaluating and commenting on potential risks posed by the contaminated drinking water installation, and identifying measures to protect users of the contaminated drinking water installation so that the risk of infection from this drinking water system is minimized.<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Based on the results of the Risk Assessment, the operator develops a plan to eliminate the causes of Legionella contamination and, if necessary, to remediate the drinking water installation.<\/span>4<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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What should a risk assessment look like? <\/span><\/h2>\n

The requirements for the implementation and content of the Risk Assessment are precisely described in both the Drinking Water Ordinance (June 23, 2023) and the recommendation of the Federal Environment Agency (2012). <\/span>1, 3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Zun\u00e4chst ist eine Ortsbegehung durchzuf\u00fchren, bei der das kontaminierte Objekt auditiert  und die Abweichungen von den allgemein anerkannten Regeln der Technik festgestellt werden. Ohne eine Ortsbegehung kann ein Trinkwassersystem nicht beurteilt werden. Au\u00dferdem werden bei der Ortsbegehung Informationen zur gesamten Anlage dokumentiert, wie z. B. das Nutzungsverhalten zur Beurteilung des bestimmungsgem\u00e4\u00dfen Betriebs, die Betriebsparameter des Trinkwassersystems (z.B. Warm- und Kaltwassertemperaturen) \u00fcberpr\u00fcft, die Eigenschaften der Nutzer \u2013 soweit bekannt – und durch die Nutzer entstandene m\u00f6gliche Beschwerden und Auff\u00e4lligkeiten. Neben den Abweichungen von den Anforderungen der Trinkwasserverordnung sind die bereits erfolgten Untersuchungsergebnisse, die Probenahme und die Auswahl der Probenahmestellen zu analysieren und zu beurteilen.3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Initiating or conducting further drinking water sampling for Legionella, including cold water, is one component of the Risk Assessment (\u201cfurther sampling\u201d according to DVGW Worksheet W551-1).5 The further drinking water sampling serves to identify the source of contamination or verify its verification. Document review, including available line diagrams, also identifies possible deviations from the requirements of the Code of Practice.<\/span>5<\/sup><\/span> The further drinking water sampling serves to identify the source of contamination or verify its verification. Document review, including available line diagrams, also identifies possible deviations from the requirements of the Code of Practice.<\/span>3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Basierend auf den bei der Ortsbegehung und bei der Dokumentenpr\u00fcfung  erfassten Informationen und Abweichungen wird im Rahmen der Risikoabsch\u00e4tzung f\u00fcr Legionellen das Risiko f\u00fcr die Nutzer \u201eabgesch\u00e4tzt\u201c, also beurteilt. Entsprechend werden Ma\u00dfnahmen zur Wiederherstellung des Betriebs des Wassersystems nach den Anforderungen der Trinkwasserverordnung genannt, damit das bestehende Gesundheitsrisiko minimiert wird. <\/span><\/p>\n

Allerdings gibt es keine Checkliste f\u00fcr die oberen Schritte, und dies aus gutem Grund: Jedes Trinkwassersystem, jede Nutzergruppe und jedes Nutzungsverhalten  sind unterschiedlich: auch zwei identische Trinkwasserinstallationen werden in einigen Punkten variieren, sei es die Anzahl der Bewohner des Geb\u00e4udes, ihr Alter, ihre Abwesenheit oder ihr Gesundheitszustand, die installierten Armaturen und die Funktionalit\u00e4t aller Bestandteile. Eine Checkliste k\u00f6nnte nicht alle zu ber\u00fccksichtigende Faktoren erfassen und wird  deswegen als nicht zielf\u00fchrend empfunden. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Was f\u00fcr Informationspflichten hat der  Betreiber einer Trinkwasserinstallation gegen\u00fcber dem Gesundheitsamt in Bezug auf <\/span>Legionella<\/i><\/span>?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Liegt einem Betreiber die Information des Erreichens des technischen Ma\u00dfnahmenwertes f\u00fcr <\/span>Legionella<\/span><\/i> If an operator receives information from the laboratory that the technical action level for Legionella has been reached, they must immediately report this to the public health authority. Furthermore, the operator must inform the public health authority of the measures implemented in accordance with the risk assessment. The public health authority may also request the completed risk assessment, which the operator must then submit immediately.<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

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Was f\u00fcr Informationspflichten hat der  Betreiber einer Trinkwasserinstallation gegen\u00fcber den Nutzern?<\/span><\/h2>\n

The Dutyholder of a drinking water installation is obligated to promptly inform users of the water system about the results of the Risk Assessment, as well as about the measures, recommendations, and restrictions on the use of drinking water that are being implemented to minimize the risks and protect them.<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

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Why is the operator's obligation to inform users so important? <\/span><\/h2>\n

Die Nutzer einer Trinkwasserinstallation geh\u00f6ren zu unterschiedlichen Risikogruppen bez\u00fcglich Legionelleninfektionen. Sie k\u00f6nnen geringf\u00fcgig anf\u00e4llig sein, wenn  z. B. keine Grunderkrankung bei ihnen vorliegt. Sie k\u00f6nnen aber auch aufgrund einer Immunsuppression oder einer Immunschw\u00e4che im Fall einer Erkrankung oder ihres Alters oder einer medikament\u00f6sen Therapie und anf\u00e4lliger f\u00fcr eine Legionelleninfektion sein. Ein Betreiber kann unm\u00f6glich wissen, zu welcher Risikogruppe die Nutzer seiner Trinkwasserinstallation geh\u00f6ren. Gleichzeitig m\u00fcssen Nutzer, die zu Risikogruppen geh\u00f6ren, die Chance haben, sich gegen\u00fcber einer in ihrer Trinkwasserinstallation vorliegenden Kontamination sch\u00fctzen zu k\u00f6nnen. Liegt ihnen die Information solch einer Kontamination nicht vor, so k\u00f6nnen sie sich nicht sch\u00fctzen. Umgekehrt: Sind sie \u00fcber eine vorliegende Legionellenkontamination informiert, .so k\u00f6nnen sie sich von ihren betreuenden \u00c4rzten Empfehlungen zum pers\u00f6nlichen Gesundheitsschutz geben lassen und diese umsetzen. Ein typisches Beispiel ist die Verwendung endst\u00e4ndiger Sterilfilter f\u00fcr die pers\u00f6nliche K\u00f6rperreinigung und -hygiene, sowie f\u00fcr das Waschen von Rohkost.  <\/span><\/p>\n

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What applies to hospitals and other medical facilities? <\/span><\/h2>\n

At least the same drinking water quality requirements apply to normal areas in hospitals and other medical facilities. In addition, there are various recommendations from the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (Kommission f\u00fcr Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionspr\u00e4vention, KRINKO), the Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt, UBA), the German Society for General Hygiene and Hospital Hygiene (Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Allgemeine und Krankenhaushygiene, DGKH), and other professional associations. <\/span><\/p>\n

The Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (KRINKO) at the Robert-Koch Institute (KRINKO) repeatedly describes requirements for the quality of drinking water for patients. In the KRINKO Recommendation on the Requirements for Infection Prevention in the Medical Care of Immunocompromised Patients (2021), Section 2.1.14.1 describes in detail the hygienic aspects of the design and use of sinks, showers, and toilets in medical areas. For patients of all risk groups, unfiltered, unboiled tap water, as well as still mineral water and the ice produced from it, pose a high risk of infection. This risk is minimized by \"drinking water controlled under hospital hygiene aspects (including <\/span>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/span><\/i>drinking water boiled or after 0.2 \u03bcm filtration; sufficient tea (boiled for 1 minute)<\/span>6<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

For high-risk areas in healthcare facilities, the target value for <\/span>Legionella<\/span><\/i> . is < 2 CFU\/100 ml.<\/span>5,6<\/sup>. <\/span>A concentration of \u2265 2 CFU\/100 ml of <\/span>Legionella<\/span><\/i> is considered hazardous. If a concentration of Legionella spp. of \u2265 2 CFU\/100 ml is detected in a water sample, either a restricted use or point-of-use filtration is recommended. <\/span>6<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Would you like to know more? Do you have specific questions about Legionella or Legionella Risk Assessment? Do you need assistance in preparing a Legionella Risk Assessment? Please contact us at <\/span>info@drvickykatsemi.com<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

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References <\/b><\/p>\n

1<\/span> Trinkwasserverordnung vom 20. Juni 2023 (BGBl. 2023 I Nr. 159, S. 2)<\/span><\/p>\n

2<\/span> Empfehlung des Umweltbundesamtes \u201eAktualisierung der Empfehlung von 2006 \u201ePeriodische Untersuchung auf Legionellen in zentralen Erw\u00e4rmungsanlagen der Hausinstallation nach \u00a7$ 3 Nr. 2 Buchstabe c TrinkwV 2001, aus denen Wasser f\u00fcr die \u00d6ffentlichkeit bereitgestellt wird\u201c, 14.01.2021<\/span><\/p>\n

3<\/span> Infektionsschutzgesetz vom 20. Juli 2000 (BGBl. I S. 1045), das zuletzt durch Artikel 8v des Gesetzes vom 12. Dezember 2023 (BGBl. 2023 I Nr. 359) ge\u00e4ndert worden ist<\/span><\/p>\n

4<\/span> \u201eEmpfehlung f\u00fcr die Durchf\u00fchrung einer Gef\u00e4hrdungsanalyse gem\u00e4\u00df Trinkwasserverordnung\u201c, Umweltbundesamt, 14.12.2012  <\/span><\/p>\n

5 <\/span>DVGW-Arbeitsblatt W 551  \u201eTrinkwassererw\u00e4rmungs- und Trinkwasserleitungsanlagen – Technische Ma\u00dfnahmen zur Verminderung des Legionellenwachstums – Planung, Errichtung, Betrieb und Sanierung von Trinkwasser-Installationen\u201c, 04. 2004. <\/span><\/p>\n

Zum Zeitpunkt der Erfassung dieses Textes wurde der Entwurf des DVGW-Arbeitsblatts W 551-1:2025-05 \u201eHygiene in der Trinkwasserinstallation \u2013 Teil 1: Pr\u00e4vention, Ursachenkl\u00e4rung und Beseitigung von Legionellenkontaminationen\u201c ver\u00f6ffentlicht. <\/span><\/p>\n

6<\/span> Empfehlung des Umweltbundesamtes. \u201eAktualisierung der Empfehlung von 2006 \u201ePeriodische Untersuchung auf Legionellen in zentralen Erw\u00e4rmungsanlagen der Hausinstallation nach \u00a7 3 Nr. Buchstabe c TrinkwV 2001, aus denen Wasser f\u00fcr die \u00d6ffentlichkeit bereitgestellt wird\u201c<\/span>, 14.01.2021  <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Erstellung einer Risikoabsch\u00e4tzung f\u00fcr Legionellen Betreiber von Trinkwasserinstallationen, aus denen Wasser f\u00fcr die \u00d6ffentlichkeit bereitgestellt wird, wie z. B. von Krankenh\u00e4usern, Alten- und Pflegeheimen, Schulen, Hotels, Fitnesszentren, Friseurl\u00e4den, Schwimmb\u00e4dern, sowie von Trinkwasserinstallationen in gewerblich genutzten Geb\u00e4uden, z. B.\u00a0 Mietsh\u00e4usern, sind gem\u00e4\u00df der aktuell g\u00fcltigen Trinkwasserverordnung verpflichtet, das abzugebende Trinkwasser u.a. regelm\u00e4\u00dfig auf Legionellen (Legionella spp.) […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":1319,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4055","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nErstellung einer Risikoabsch\u00e4tzung f\u00fcr Legionellen - Dr. Vicky Katsemi Wasserhygiene & Mikrobiologie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.drvickykatsemi.com\/en\/services\/erstellung-einer-risikoabschaetzung-fuer-legionellen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Erstellung einer Risikoabsch\u00e4tzung f\u00fcr Legionellen - Dr. Vicky Katsemi Wasserhygiene & Mikrobiologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Erstellung einer Risikoabsch\u00e4tzung f\u00fcr Legionellen Betreiber von Trinkwasserinstallationen, aus denen Wasser f\u00fcr die \u00d6ffentlichkeit bereitgestellt wird, wie z. B. von Krankenh\u00e4usern, Alten- und Pflegeheimen, Schulen, Hotels, Fitnesszentren, Friseurl\u00e4den, Schwimmb\u00e4dern, sowie von Trinkwasserinstallationen in gewerblich genutzten Geb\u00e4uden, z. 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